Dr. D.P. Crockett of Leet, WV
09 Monday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Ugly Creek, Leet
09 Monday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Ugly Creek, Leet
09 Monday Jun 2014
Posted in Culture of Honor, Harts, Lincoln County Feud
Tags
Al Brumfield, Bill Brumfield, Bill Fowler, Billy Adkins, Black John Adkins, Brandon Kirk, crime, Fed Adkins, feud, Green McCoy, Harts, Harts Creek, Harvey "Long Harve" Dingess, history, Hollena "Tiny" Brumfield, Hollene Brumfield, John W Runyon, Lincoln County Feud, logging, Milt Haley, Paris Brumfield, Pat Adkins, writing
Later in the summer, Brandon visited his friend Pat Adkins, who lived in a little trailer just back of where the old Al Brumfield home once sat at the mouth of Harts Creek. Pat was raised in the magnificent Brumfield house and was its owner at the time of its burning. He was a first cousin to Billy Adkins.
Pat first spoke about Al and Hollena Brumfield, who he said charged people a ten-cents-per-log tax at their boom. The tax was a constant source of friction in the community. Even Al’s in-laws weren’t fond of the fee…and apparently weren’t spared from it, either.
“One time, Harvey Dingess had a big huge amount of logs out there and he said he wasn’t gonna pay no ten cents a log tax,” Pat said. “Harvey was Hollene’s brother. They all liked to drink so he come in there being jovial and friendly and brought Al and Hollene in a big special-made malt whiskey. They got a big drunken party going and finally around twelve o’clock they all got so drunk they went to bed. Harve had his men stationed over there on that hillside and when he waved a light from that porch upstairs them men come down there and cut that splash and let his logs through. The Brumfields got up the next morning — all their hangovers — and went out and looked and that splash had been cut and all of his logs had been run through and Harve was gone. He was on his way to Huntington to sell them.”
Brandon asked Pat if the log boom was the root of the 1889 troubles.
“Bill Brumfield’s wife, Aunt Tiny, told me about the famous posse ride to lynch Milt Haley and Green McCoy,” Pat said, cutting to the chase. “Runyon had a store up on Hart and that was among Hollene’s relatives up in there and she had the big timber operations down here — the splash dam, you know — and had a saloon. Runyon had a legal still where people brought their apples in and stuff to make brandy. Somebody else run one of them too up there — a Dingess. They was into it over the business. Runyon thought that if he could kill them, he could take control of the mouth of Hart. When Hollene came into business that was what she done. She killed out her enemy, or never killed him — burned him out. That was Bill Fowler. Bill Fowler was a businessman and he come into possession of the mouth of the creek. He had him a big saloon out there and she burned him out and burned his saloon and then she took it over. So, I guess Runyon got the same idea: ‘You took it. Now I’m going to get it from you.’ So he hired these guys to kill them and if he’d a killed them they’d a been out of the way and that woulda pretty well cinched him for it. He had plenty of money and he’d a rolled in here and coulda bought it. He’d been the top man then.”
According to Pat, locals quickly determined that Haley and McCoy were involved in the ambush of Al and Hollena Brumfield and formed a mob to capture them.
“They formed about sixty men,” he said. “I know Black John Adkins was in it. John was there a holding the horses. He wasn’t taking no part in it — just going along to show he was in support. I think everybody in the country around in this area and all of Hollena’s relatives were in it. Runyon, he left the country when he realized that they might be coming after him because they suspected him as hiring them.”
Pat said Mrs. Brumfield believed that her husband Bill was too young to have participated in the killings but would have “been in on it if he’d a been old enough.” Pat didn’t think his Grandpa Fed Adkins was in the mob either, but then said, “He might have been — probably was. You know, the killing took place there, I think, about where Lon Lambert’s house is, down under that riverbank. Black John said when Paris came out from under that bank he was just as bloody as he could be where he had stabbed on them men. Said, Paris Brumfield was bloody as a hog. Said, he just took a knife and cut them to pieces and I think they gave Paris the honor of killing them because it was a vengeance killing. They dared anybody to ever touch their bodies. I think they laid about nine days and got to smelling so bad they finally give them permission to bury them.”
In Pat’s view, those who participated in the killing of Milt and Green were not typically violent men. Haley’s and McCoy’s apparent guilt in ambushing Al Brumfield provided a justification for their bloody murders in the eyes of locals and ensured that the “peace-keeping” reputations of the vigilantes would endure as stories about the feud were handed down to later generations. For instance, despite the dangerous reputation of Paris Brumfield, Pat said, “Other than the killing of Haley and McCoy, he was really not a mean person. That was understandable that he helped kill Haley and McCoy if somebody was trying to kill your son. I never heard that he was a mean person. I don’t think he deliberately went around plotting up mean things to do. And I don’t think he was a cruel person.”
Just before Brandon left Pat, he asked him about growing up in Al Brumfield’s house. Pat said when he was young he often hid behind some large framed Brumfield family photographs stacked in an upstairs room. There was one in particular that he remembered: a picture of Al Brumfield — worn and blind, sitting in a chair on a porch.
08 Sunday Jun 2014
Posted in Culture of Honor, Hatfield-McCoy Feud
08 Sunday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Ugly Creek, Ferrellsburg, Gill, Ranger, Timber
Tags
Albert M. Adkins, Big Ugly Creek, D.E. Hatfield, Ferrellsburg, Florence Smith, Freeman Spears, genealogy, Gill, Hansford Adkins, history, John Hatten, Lincoln County, Lincoln Republican, Marion F. Adkins, merchant, Noah Spears, Ranger, timbering, West Virginia
An unknown local correspondent in Lincoln County, West Virginia offered the following items, which the Lincoln Republican printed on Thursday, November 27, 1913:
Big Ugly Engine Turns Turtle
The dinky freight engine on the Big Ugly line which runs from Gill to the company commissary turned turtle one day the latter part of last week seriously injuring engineer John Hatten and Freeman Spears. Both were terribly scalded, Spears so badly that his recovery is doubtful. Hatten was not so badly injured and is getting along nicely. Freeman Spears, who resided in this city until recently, is the regular fireman on the log engine on the same line, and was making the run on the freight engine for his brother, Noah Spears. We were unable to learn further regarding the incident.
Ranger News
The oldest merchants in this section of the country are just now engaged in the first settlement for 25 years, the A.M. Adkins & Bros. The second partner was Hansford Adkins, who deeded his interests to his son and daughter, M.F. Adkins and Mrs. Florence Smith, now are making this settlement covering a period of 25 years. Hansford is now citizen of Ferrellsburg, having recently moved to his newly erected home at that place.
D.E. Hatfield has a new blue-eyed baby at his home.
07 Saturday Jun 2014
Posted in Culture of Honor, Ed Haley, Green Shoal, Lincoln County Feud
07 Saturday Jun 2014
Tags
Addison Vance, Admiral S. Fry, Basil Frye, Big Creek, Billy Adkins, Brandon Kirk, Burbus Dial, Cain Adkins, Chapmanville, crime, Essie McCann, Ferrellsburg, feud, Fry, George Fry, Green McCoy, Green Shoal, Harts Creek, history, John Hartford, Lincoln County Feud, Martha Dial, Milt Haley, West Fork, writing
I told Brandon that I would be coming to Harts at the end of July. In the meantime, he contacted Basil Frye, a grandson to George Fry. Basil, a resident of North Carolina, was old enough to know about the Haley-McCoy killings (he was born in 1925) but admittedly knew very little. He had heard through the family that his grandfather George agreed to let three “guards” stay overnight at his house with two prisoners (Milt and Green). That night, a mob of drunken vigilantes arrived with guns and demanded possession of the prisoners. The three guards allowed the gang to take Milt and Green outside where they were tied to a bush and eventually shot several times. The next morning, after daylight, the Frys and guards went outside and found the dead bodies.
Brandon asked Basil about the location of the old A.S. Fry-George Fry family home. He said he wasn’t sure of its location but always figured it to have been a short distance up Green Shoal, not at its mouth. He based that on the fact that his father, a son of George Fry, had been born in that vicinity in 1888 (a year before the killing). Billy Adkins had always heard that the old Fry home was up in that area, too, which caused a little doubt on our assuredness that the Milt and Green murders had taken place in the Lambert home at the mouth of Green Shoal. Brandon became even more confused when he went back to the Fry history and read how A.S. Fry (father of George) had two homes in the area: “a log cabin at Fry” (a.k.a. the mouth of Green Shoal) and “a stately house near Harts Creek, across the river from the log house.”
A little later, Brandon visited Essie McCann, an elderly neighbor in Ferrellsburg. Essie had been born on West Fork in 1910. She said her mother Martha Dial almost bumped into the 1889 mob as she rode toward her home on Big Creek with her husband. Upon hearing a troop of horses approaching their direction from Chapmanville, she and Mr. Dial knew it was the mob that had been recently sent out to capture Milt and Green. They hid in a patch of weeds near the riverbank and watched the mob ride by doubled up on horses. Essie said her mother recognized Addison Vance (a brother-in-law to Cain Adkins) riding in the group. Afterwards, Haley and McCoy were held in a house at Green Shoal where a group of men came and shot out the lights before killing them.
07 Saturday Jun 2014
Posted in Queens Ridge
Tags
Alice Workman, Appalachia, Hezekiah Workman, history, life, Mingo County, photos, Queens Ridge, Rufus Workman, U.S. South, Wayne County, West Virginia

Abijah J. and Alice (Porter) Workman with sons Hezekiah and Rufus, residents of Grant District, Wayne County, WV, c.1908
07 Saturday Jun 2014
Posted in Ferrellsburg, Hamlin, Logan, Queens Ridge
Tags
Arnold Perry, Columbus, Dr. York, Ellen Carter, Ferrellsburg, genealogy, Hamlin, Henry F. Workman, history, Isaac Workman Jr., Ivy Bias, J.J. Maynard, James Workman, John Workman, Joseph Maynard, Kentucky, Lincoln County, Lincoln Republican, Logan, Louisa, Maynard School House, Nancy Workman, Ohio, Queens Ridge, Squire Vance, Stone Coal, West Virginia, William F. Workman, Williamson, Wilsondale
“Bull Mooser,” a local correspondent from Queens Ridge in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Republican printed on Thursday, October 9, 1913:
John Workman, Sr., is in very poor health. Dr. York, of Louisa, Ky., is the attending physician.
Isaac Workman, Jr., is recovering from a severe illness.
Squire Vance is on a business trip to Ferrellsburg this week.
Mr. and Mrs. J.J. Maynard were visiting Arnold Perry’s Sunday.
Joseph Maynard has been quite busy making repairs on the Maynard school house.
H.F. Workman is getting in his winter’s supply of coal.
W.F. Workman is attending the Association at Stone Coal, West Virginia.
Mr. and Mrs. Charley Gray, of Columbus, Ohio, are visiting relatives and friends here.
Ivy Bias, telegraph operator at Wilsondale, W.Va., went to Williamson to a hospital to have his right leg amputated.
Mrs. Isaac Workman is paying her daughter, Mrs. Ellen Carter who resides at Rolfe, a visit.
James Workman made a business trip to Logan this week.
Joseph Maynard made a business trip to Hamlin this week.
06 Friday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Harts Creek, Lincoln County Feud, Timber
06 Friday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Harts Creek, Culture of Honor, Ed Haley, Lincoln County Feud
Tags
Billy Adkins, Brandon Kirk, Doug Owsley, feud, Green McCoy, John Hartford, Lincoln County, Lincoln County Feud, Milt Haley, Smithsonian, timbering, West Fork, West Virginia, writing
On July 4th, Brandon and Billy learned that a timber crew had been working at the Haley-McCoy grave for several days. Horrified, they raced to the site and found the ground ripped up, trees felled, and huge machinery roaring and chewing all over the mountainside. The Haley-McCoy grave was lost amidst toppled trees and fresh timber roads. Workers said the grave was okay, although property owners had not told them it was there.
When Brandon called me with this news, I told him there might be a positive outcome to the whole mess. Maybe we could now approach some people about exhuming the grave. He was all for it now.
“You know, we could try Doug Owsley at the Smithsonian,” I said. “He could tell us all kinds of things about them just by looking at their bones.”
Brandon had more of a “rescue mentality.”
“I hate to mess with their bodies,” he said. “I mean, they were real people. There’s something historical about them being there. I hate to spoil that.”
He agreed to an exhumation, though, so long as it had the support of Milt and Green’s family and so long as they would be re-buried at the site with a historical marker placed nearby to note the significance of the site and add protection from future bulldozers.
We talked more over the next few days — particularly about getting Doug Owsley, the expert forensic scientist, to conduct such a dig.
The next thing I knew, I was on the telephone with Owsley explaining my interest in Milt’s and Green’s grave. He was enthusiastic about the project but wanted more information, so Brandon gathered up some of our research and fired it off to him.
06 Friday Jun 2014
Posted in Queens Ridge
06 Friday Jun 2014
Posted in Holden, Queens Ridge
Tags
coon hunting, genealogy, history, Holden, Isaac Workman, James Aldridge, John Workman, Joseph Maynard, Lincoln County, Lincoln Republican, Maynard, Queens Ridge, Ross Fowler, Squire Vance, squirrel hunting, typhoid fever, Ward Brumfield, West Virginia, Wiley Williamson, Willie Browning, Wilsondale
“Bull Mooser,” a local correspondent from Queens Ridge in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Republican printed on Thursday, October 2, 1913:
We have been having some fine rains in this vicinity, which were badly needed.
Joseph Maynard, one of our merchants is on a trip to Huntington this week to buy his winter line of merchandise.
Jack Frost was on a visit to this vicinity last week.
The mail will be carried from Maynard to Wilsondale beginning Monday.
John Workman, Sr. is very ill with typhoid fever.
Squirrels are plentiful in this vicinity. The boys are killing loads of them.
Isaac Workman, Jr. continues very sick. There is very little hope for his recovery.
Cattle and hogs are scarce and high priced in this community.
Ross Fowler and Ward Brumfield were business callers at Squire Vance’s Monday.
Wiley Williamson, of Holden, was visiting friends here Saturday and Sunday.
Willie Browning and Jas. Aldridge went coon hunting Saturday night. The boys came back discouraged — didn’t catch any coons, but caught 5 ‘possums.
05 Thursday Jun 2014
Tags
Appalachia, Ed Belcher, fiddler, fiddlers, fiddling, genealogy, history, Logan, Logan County, music, photos, violin, West Virginia

John Edward “Ed” Belcher (1886-1970), violinist and resident of Logan, WV
05 Thursday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Harts Creek, Ed Haley, Logan, Music
Tags
banjo, Brandon Kirk, Buck Fork, Buffalo Creek, Dixie Mullins, Donna Samson, Ed Belcher, Ed Haley, Falling Water, fiddle, fiddler, genealogy, George Mullins, guitar, Harts Creek, history, James Belcher, Logan, Logan County, Logan Theatre, Mary Belcher, music, piano, Putnam County, Rhoda Mullins, Scott District, timbering, West Virginia, writing
Not long after talking with Vergia, Brandon located Donna Samson, a daughter of Ed Belcher, in Logan, West Virginia. Belcher, we were told, was a multi-instrumentalist who played music with Ed Haley at George Mullins’ home on the Buck Fork of Harts Creek.
John Edward Belcher was born in 1886 or 1889, the son of James and Mary (Thomas) Belcher. The Belchers lived in Scott District, Putnam County, in 1900. Donna thought her father was from Buffalo Creek in Logan County. She said her family was once heavily involved in the sawmill business. As a young man, Ed played music with his brother Henry. At some point, he took music lessons and learned to read and write music. He could play the piano, banjo, guitar, and “could make a violin cry.” In the 1910s and 1920s, he played the violin in an orchestra during silent movies at the Logan Theatre. About that same time, he also operated a boarding house near the train station (likely a convenient “stopping off place” for Ed Haley when he came into Logan).
“He always kept music around his home,” Donna said.
Belcher played ragtime and loved to play “Falling Water” on the piano in his later years.
Donna said her father met her mother Rhoda Mullins (1919-1990) while at a dance in Logan. Rhoda was staying in town with her sister Dixie, who was a local schoolteacher. They were the daughters of George Mullins of Harts Creek. Her father, she added, was some thirty years older than her mother, who was his second wife.
Ed Belcher died in 1970. His death record gives his occupation as “Piano repair, tuner.”
05 Thursday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Ugly Creek, Rector
04 Wednesday Jun 2014
Posted in Ferrellsburg, Green Shoal, Logan
Tags
Abbotts Branch, Alberta Petrie, Dennis K. Altizer, education, Ferrellsburg, genealogy, George H. Thomas, Green Shoal, history, Lincoln County, Lincoln Republican, Lottie Lucas, Salena Vance, timber, Velva Dial, West Fork, West Virginia
“Quil,” a local correspondent from Ferrellsburg in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Republican printed on Thursday, July 3, 1913:
Mrs. E.O. Petrie was overcome by heat Friday but is improving now.
Geo. H. Thomas, one of our hustling businessmen was in town on business Saturday.
Mrs. Salina Vance was shopping in town first of the week.
Miss Velvie Dial continues in very poor health.
The bridge at the mouth of West Fork has been completed. It is a good job and one that was badly needed.
Miss Lottie Lucas is in Logan this week.
D.K. Altizer has moved his saw mill from Green Shoal to Abbotts Branch where he has a job of sawing.
Schools are being contracted for in this section. It is hoped that our Board of Education will give us 6 months school this year as we only had five last year.
03 Tuesday Jun 2014
Posted in Civil War
03 Tuesday Jun 2014
Posted in Atenville, Culture of Honor, Ferrellsburg, Hamlin, Toney
Tags
Arena Ferrell, Atenville, Ben Walker, Chilton Abbott, education, Evermont Ward Lucas, Ferrellsburg, Fisher B. Adkins, Francis M. Vance, Frank Vance, genealogy, George H. Thomas, Guyandotte Valley, Hamlin, history, Huntington, Keenan Ferrell, Lincoln County, Lincoln Republican, Lottie Lucas, Maggie Lucas, merchant, rheumatism, Ripley, Salena Vance, timbering, Toney, Tucker Fry, West Virginia
“Stand-Patter,” a local correspondent from Ferrellsburg in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Republican printed on Thursday, April 24, 1913:
Ward Lucas, one of our best citizens, is confined to his room with muscular rheumatism. He improves but slowly.
Mrs. Salena Vance and son, Frank, made a trip to Huntington the first of the week to look after matters of business.
Several law suits were set for trial here last Saturday before Justice F.M. Vance, but for different reasons all were continued.
Peace and quietude now reigns in this part of the Guyan Valley, and in order to perpetuate the same Hon. Geo. H. Thomas, our good citizen and successful timber merchant is preparing to hoist a magnificent white flag over his place of business.
F.B. Adkins, one of our popular school teachers, is home from Ripley, where he has been attending school.
Misses Lottie and Maggie Lucas, popular young teachers of this place, left last Friday for Hamlin where they expect to attend the Normal.
A.G. Adkins, our efficient road supervisor is doing quite a lot of work on the roads, which is needed as a result of damage done by the recent high waters. He uses good judgment in overseeing the work.
Mr. and Mrs. K.S. Ferrell are having quite a lot of work done on their farms. They also enjoy a lucrative trade in the mercantile business.
D.C. Fry, who was shot by Chilton Abbott about two weeks ago has sufficiently recovered as to be out on business.
B.W. Walker, of this place, was at Toney last Saturday on important business.
Several people from here attended church at Atenville last Sunday.
03 Tuesday Jun 2014
Posted in Big Sandy Valley, Culture of Honor, Hatfield-McCoy Feud
Tags
Appalachia, crime, Frank Phillips, genealogy, Hatfield-McCoy Feud, history, Kentucky, Knox Creek, Logan County Banner, Pike County, U.S. South

Frank Phillips death, Logan County (WV) Banner, Thursday, July 14, 1898
03 Tuesday Jun 2014
Posted in Culture of Honor, Ed Haley, Green Shoal, Lincoln County Feud
Tags
Al Brumfield, Arena Ferrell, blind, Brandon Kirk, Cat Fry, crime, feud, Green McCoy, Green Shoal, Harts, history, Hollene Brumfield, Ida Taylor, J.L. Caldwell, Jake Davis, Jim Brumfield, Lincoln County, Lon Lambert, Mae Brumfield, Milt Haley, Paris Brumfield, Virgie Rooney, Watson Lucas, West Virginia, writing
In the early summer of 1996, Brandon made contact with Vergia Rooney, a daughter of Jim Brumfield and granddaughter of Paris Brumfield. Vergia was born in 1899 (making her the oldest person interviewed in this project) and was raised on Green Shoal. She was an older sister to Ida Taylor, with whom we had spoken in 1995. She had lived in Texas since 1930.
Vergia said Al Brumfield practically raised her father, who was young when his parents died. Later, when Vergia was about five years old, she went with her father to visit Al at his beautiful two-story white house in Harts. As far as she remembered, Al was well-dressed, clean-shaven, and had dark hair. He was blind, so he wore dark glasses and kept a cane near him. “He was suffering from a progressive illness he had which terminated to him being blind,” Vergia said. For much of the visit, Al sat in the first story front room facing the river, what he called the “sitting room.” He eventually adjourned to the kitchen where he sat at the table and had coffee and a piece of cake.
Vergia said Al’s home was nice and had a store built next to it so close that the two buildings almost touched each other. The whole place was busy with workers, all of whom were supervised by Aunt Hollena Brumfield. Vergia didn’t remember Al having a gristmill but he did have a large barn just up the creek in a bottom. A little further, behind Mae Brumfield’s present-day house, was his log boom, which had in earlier years been the scene of a lot of trouble.
This “earlier trouble,” of course, was the 1889 feud, which Vergia said started when some “McCoy outlaws” became jealous over the Brumfield boom and ambushed Al and Hollena as they rode a single horse down the creek. It was never proven, but Milt Haley and Green McCoy were accused of committing the ambush. They were taken to a two-story, log house at the mouth of Green Shoal and beaten to death by a Brumfield mob.
Vergia’s grandmother Cat Fry hid under a bed during the killings.
The morning after Milt and Green’s murder, Vergia’s mother spotted their bodies on her way to school.
“It was an awful sight,” Vergia said. “They were draped on the front steps and yard. One of them lay across the doorstep going into the house.”
There was never a trial because people like Cat Fry, who knew a lot about the killings, seldom discussed it. Vergia didn’t hear anyone mention the names of the participants when she lived in Harts because many of the people involved were still alive in the community.
Vergia said the murders occurred at the present-day Lon Lambert place at the mouth of Green Shoal. It was vacant when she first remembered it and was in terrible condition. At that time, it faced upriver and had a front and back door, which she remembered swinging open at times, with two steps leading into each of the two doorways. There were windows in the front and back of the house. It had, at most, two rooms on the bottom floor. The upstairs was used as a “drying room” for apples and peaches. Around 1905, Al Davis moved in and remodeled it. He tore the downriver side (back) away, which had pretty much collapsed, and boxed in the old door on the front of the house. A new front door was constructed to face the railroad tracks.
Vergia’s memories of Al Davis living in and remodeling the old Fry home were interesting in that he never owned the property. From 1902 until 1915, the property was in the hands of J.L. Caldwell, who likely rented it to Davis and perhaps others. Watson Lucas bought it in 1919 from Arena Ferrell.
“I am unable to remember in detail about the house as I never was inside the home until Watson Lucas brought the property,” Vergia later wrote Brandon. “I was there twice but several times after the Lamberts purchased the property from Watson Lucas. There were 2 BR, 1 LR-Kitchen, DR and bath room downstairs and I believe, there was a ladder [inside the house] utilized to [get] upstairs for awhile. I was never upstairs, but I think there [were] two rooms upstairs later on.”
Watson’s daughter-in-law Mabel Lucas remembered the home when she moved to Harts in 1939-40 as having four rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs. There was no staircase in the house; to get upstairs, one had to climb a set of steps built outside against the upriver side of the building. So far as Mabel knew, the place was a frame house (not log), insinuating that the old Fry home had been torn down in previous years.
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