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Brandon Ray Kirk

Category Archives: Harts

Verna Brumfield Johnson

23 Wednesday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts, Women's History

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Caroline Brumfield, Charley Brumfield, genealogy, Harts, history, life, Lincoln County, photos, Verna Johnson, West Virginia

Verna Brumfield Johnson

Verna (Brumfield) Johnson (seated at right), daughter of Charles and Caroline (Dingess) Brumfield of Harts, Lincoln County, WV

 

Harts area businesses (1923-1924)

21 Monday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Dingess, Ferrellsburg, Hamlin, Harts, Logan, Whirlwind

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Anthony Adams, apiarist, barber, blacksmith, C&O Railroad, Catherine Adkins, Charles Curry, Charles W. Mullins, Della Adkins, Dr. C.W. Rice, Ferrellsburg, Frank Adams, G.W. Damron, genealogy, general store, George Mullins, ginseng, Grover Adams, Hamlin, Harts, Hazel Adkins, Hendricks Brumfield, Herbert Adkins, history, Hollena Ferguson, horse dealer, James Mullins, Jeremiah Lambert, John Dingess, John Dingess Lumber Company, John Gartin, John Thompson, justice of the peace, Lincoln County, Lindsey Blair, Logan, merchant, Peter Workman, photographer, Porter Hotel, postmaster, poultry breeder, R.L. Polk, Reece Dalton, Sadie Adkins, Sol Adams, timbering, United Baptist, Walt Stowers, Watson Adkins, Wesley Ferguson, West Virginia, Whirlwind, William M. Workman, Willie Tomblin

The following entries were published in R.L. Polk’s West Virginia State Gazetteer and Business Directory (1923-1924):

FERRELLSBURG. Population 100. On the Guyandotte Valley branch of the C&O Ry, in Lincoln County, 30 miles south of Hamlin, the county seat, and 18 north of Logan, the nearest banking town. Telephone connection. Express, American. Tel, W U Mail daily.

J.W. Stowers, general store

HARTS. (R.R. name is Hart.) Population 150. On the Guyandot Valley branch of the C&O R.R., in Lincoln County, 30 miles south of Hamlin, the county seat, and 21 from Logan, the banking point. U.B. church. Express, American. Telephone connection. Herbert Adkins, postmaster

Anthony Adams, general store

Adkins Barber Shop

Catherine Adkins, general store

Della Adkins, general store

Hazel Adkins, ice cream parlor

HERBERT ADKINS, Real Estate, Postmaster,  R R and Tel Agt

Watson Adkins, general store

Hendrix Brumfield, lawyer

Rev. Charles Curry, pastor (UB)

John Dingess, blacksmith

John Dingess Lumber Co.

Hollena Ferguson, general store

Wesley Ferguson, poultry breeder

John Garten, justice of the peace

Jeremiah Lambert, general store

Porter Hotel (Saddie Adkins)

C.W. Rice, physician

John Thompson, general store

William M. Workman, general store

WHIRLWIND. Population 275. In Logan County, 16 miles northwest of Logan, the county seat and banking point, and 2 from Dingess, the shipping point. Express, American. Baptist church. Mail daily. James Mullins, postmaster.

D. Adams, apiarist

Frank Adams, produce

Grover Adams, ginseng grower

Sol Adams, lumber mfr

Lindsey Blair, watchmaker

Reece Dalton, live stock

G.W. Damron, R R and express agt

C.W. Mullins, ginseng grower

George Mullins, horse dealer

JAMES MULLINS, General Store, Photographer and Postmaster

Willie Tomblin, blacksmith

Peter Workman, barber

Ferrellsburg Fancies 04.04.1918

14 Monday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Ferrellsburg, Green Shoal, Hamlin, Harts

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Bilton McNeely, Charlie McCoy, Cuba Nelson, Dr. Cline, farming, Ferrellsburg, Fry, genealogy, General Adkins, Hamlin, Hansford Adkins, Harts, Herbert Adkins, history, Ira J. Adkins, life, Lincoln County, Lincoln Democrat, Lula Adkins, Mary Jones, Milcie McNeely, Naomi Messer, Samuel H. Adkins, smallpox, Toka Adkins, West Hamlin, West Virginia

“Pinkey,” a local correspondent from Ferrellsburg in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Democrat printed on Thursday, April 4, 1918:

Dr. Cline of Hamlin quarantined a few cases of small pox here in this community one day last week.

Mr. Reynolds of West Hamlin was here on business recently.

General Adkins has been clearing land and sowing oats the past week.

Herbert Adkins of Harts passed through here Saturday from Fry where he had been transacting business.

Our old friend C.S. McCoy took dinner with Mr. and Mrs. Ira Adkins one day last week.

Mr. and Mrs. General Adkins accompanied by his father, Hansford Adkins were the guests of Bilton and Milcie McNeely Sunday.

Little Miss Cuba Nelson and Mary Jones were visiting Mrs. S.H. Adkins Sunday.

We have several more cases of small pox reported in our neighborhood.

Mrs. Oma Messer is very ill.

The cross tie business is looking good.

Harts Creek District constable handcuffs

14 Monday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Culture of Honor, Harts

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Appalachia, constable, crime, handcuffs, Harts Creek District, history, Lincoln County, photos, U.S. South, West Virginia

Harts Creek District constable handcuffs, owned by descendants of the Dingess family, Lincoln County, WV

Harts Creek District constable handcuffs, owned by descendants of the Dingess family, Lincoln County, WV

Harts Happenings 04.04.1918

13 Sunday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Ferrellsburg, Harts

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Anna Brumfield, Bessie Brumfield, Blaine Powers, Branchland, Canoe Fork, Catherine Adkins, Ferrellsburg, Fisher B. Adkins, Harts, Herb Adkins, Hollena Willnoit, Huntington, J.F. Willhoit, Jim Brumfield, Kathleen Vass, Lewis Dempsey, Lincoln County, Lincoln Democrat, Samuel H. Adkins, Virgie Brumfield, West Virginia, Will Adkins

An unnamed correspondent from Harts in Lincoln County, West Virginia, offered the following items, which the Lincoln Democrat printed on Thursday, April 4, 1918:

Will Adkins, of Canoe Fork of Ruff hollow was visiting his friend Herbert Adkins Sunday.

J.F. Willhoit was a business visitor in Huntington recently.

Miss Kathleen Vass is visiting friends in Branchland this week.

B.C. Powers sold Herbert Adkins a fine Black Beauty wheel this week.

Mrs. Heallinea Willnoit was in Huntington the past week.

Miss Virgie Brumfield who has been staying with her grandmother for the last two weeks was visiting home folks Saturday and Sunday.

Misses Bessie and Anna Brumfield were shopping in Harts last week.

F.B. Adkins of Ferrellsburg was here recently and purchased a five year old mule. He is intending to raise a large corn and tobacco crop this season. He is very much pleased with his trade.

Lewis Dempsey & Sons have rented Herbert Adkins’ farm on which they are preparing to raise a large potato crop. They have quit the stave business.

James Brumfield of Greenshoal passed through town Sunday en route to S.H. Adkins and returned with five bushels of soup beans, he is preparing for the scarcity of provision.

Catherine Adkins, merchant of Harts has been on the sick list for the past few days but is recovering slowly. We regret her illness.

“Blood in West Virginia”

13 Sunday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Big Sandy Valley, Big Ugly Creek, Culture of Honor, Green Shoal, Harts, Inez, Jamboree, Lincoln County Feud, Music, Peter Creek, Timber, Warren

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Blood in West Virginia, book, books, Brandon Kirk, Homer Hickam, Lincoln County Feud, New York Times, Rocket Boys, writing

Homer Hickam calls my book a "rip-roaring page-turner!"

Homer Hickam, author of the New York Times Best Seller Rocket Boys, calls my book a “rip-roaring page-turner!”

Cain and Mariah (Vance) Adkins

11 Friday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Culture of Honor, Harts, Lincoln County Feud, Stiltner

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Appalachia, Blood in West Virginia, Cain Adkins, education, Harts Creek, history, justice of the peace, Lincoln County, Lincoln County Feud, Mariah Adkins, medicine, photos, preacher, Stiltner, U.S. South, Wayne County, West Fork, West Virginia

Cain and Mariah (Vance) Adkins, residents of West Fork of Harts Creek, Lincoln County, WV

Cain and Mariah (Vance) Adkins, residents of West Fork of Harts Creek, Lincoln County, WV. Cain was a United Baptist preacher, teacher, country doctor, justice of the peace…and participant in the Lincoln County Feud.

Al and Hollene Brumfield graves

05 Saturday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts, Lincoln County Feud

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Al Brumfield, Appalachia, genealogy, Harts, history, Hollene Brumfield, Lincoln County, Lincoln County Feud, U.S. South, West Virginia

Al and Hollene Brumfield graves, Harts, Lincoln County, WV, 2004

Al and Hollene Brumfield graves, Harts, Lincoln County, WV, 2004

Interview with Nellie Thompson of Wayne, WV (1996)

05 Saturday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Culture of Honor, Harts, Lincoln County Feud, Twelve Pole Creek, Wayne

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Al Brumfield, Andrew D. Robinson, Beech Fork, Ben Adams, Bob Dingess, Brandon Kirk, crime, diptheria, Goble Richardson, Green McCoy, Green Shoal, Guyandotte River, Harrison McCoy, Harts, Harts Creek, history, Lincoln County Feud, Lynza John McCoy, Milt Haley, Monroe Fry, music, Paris Brumfield, Ross Fowler, Sallie Dingess, Sherman McCoy, Spicie McCoy, Warren, Wayne, Wayne County, Wayne County News, West Fork, writing

A few weeks later, Brandon called Nellie Thompson in Wayne, West Virginia. Nellie reportedly had the picture of Milt Haley and Green McCoy.

“I don’t know if I have anything like that or not,” Nellie said, “but I do have an old letter from Green McCoy.”

What?

Almost hyperventilating, he asked her to read it over the telephone.

Nellie fetched it from somewhere in the house, said it was dated May 19, 1889, then read it to him and said he was welcome to see it.

The next day, she called Brandon back and said, “I think I’ve found that picture you were looking for. It’s a little tin picture with two men in it.”

Oh god.

A few days later, Brandon drove to see Nellie about the picture and letter. Before dropping in on her, he spent a little time at the local library where he located a story about Spicie McCoy.

“As I promised last week, today we will explore the life of a lady who claimed to have a cure for diphtheria,” the story, printed in the Wayne County News (1994), began. “Spicie (Adkins) McCoy Fry was so short that if you stretched out your arm she could have walked under it. Anyone who lived in the East Lynn area knew who Spicie Fry was because she had probably been in almost every church around to sing at a revival meeting, something she loved to do. Spicie was well educated. She saw that her children went to school. Once out of grade school, Spicie’s sons took advantage of correspondence courses in music, art, and any other subject they could get thru the mail order catalog. Spicie’s son Monroe Taylor Fry was a self-taught musician.”

After a short time, Brandon drove to Nellie’s home, where she produced a small tin picture of two men sitting together. One of the men was obviously Green McCoy based on the picture we had already seen of him. The other fellow, then, was Milt.

As Brandon stared at the tintype, Nellie handed him Green’s letter. It was penned in a surprisingly nice handwriting, addressed to his brother Harrison, and was apparently never mailed. At the time of his writing, it was spring and McCoy had just moved back to Harts — probably after a short stay with his family or in-laws in Wayne County. He may’ve been there with his older brother, John, who’d married a girl almost half his age from Wayne County earlier in February.

Dear Brother. after a long delay of time I take this opertunity of droping you a few lines to let you know that I am well hoping when these lines reaches you they may find you all the same. Harrison you must excuse me for not writing sooner. the cause of me not writing is this[:] the post master here is very careless. they let people brake open the letters and read them so I will write this time to let you know where I am and where Lynza is. I have moved back to the west fork of Harts Creek and Lynza is married and living in wayne co yet on beach fork. everybody is done planting corn very near in this country. every thing looks lively in this part. tell Father and mother that I[‘m] coming out this fall after crops are laid by if I live and Lynza will come with me. tell all howdy for me. you may look for us boath. if death nor sickness don’t tak[e] place we will come. Harrison I would rather you would not write anymore this summer. people brakes open the letters and reads them so I will not write a long letter. Brumfield and me lives in 2 miles of each other and has had no more trubble but every body says that he will kill me if I don’t kill him. I look to have trouble with him so I will close this time.

On the back of the letter was written the following: “My wife sends her best respects to you all and says she would like to see you all. my boy is beginning to walk. he is a spoiled boy to[o].”

Clutching carefully onto the tintype and letter, Brandon asked Nellie what she’d heard about Milt and Green’s death. She didn’t really know much, but her brother Goble Richardson said he’d always heard that pack-peddlers who boarded with Paris Brumfield never left his home alive. These men were supposedly killed, tied to rocks, and thrown to the bottom of the Guyan River where the fish ate their rotting corpses. Soon after the “disappearance” of these pack-peddlers, Paris would be seen riding the man’s horse, while his children would be playing with his merchandise.

When Brandon arrived home he studied over Green McCoy’s letter — all the cursive strokes, the occasional misspellings, trying to extract something from it beyond what it plainly read.

Strangely, the letter didn’t reveal to which Brumfield — Al or Paris — Green referred when he wrote, “every body says that he will kill me if I don’t kill him.” It seems likely, though, based on what Daisy Ross had said, that Green referenced Paris.

Still, it was Al Brumfield who was ambushed only three months later.

What started their trouble?

And who was the careless postmaster who allowed people to “brake open the letters and read them?”

At the time of the Haley-McCoy trouble, Harts had two post offices: Harts and Warren. The postmaster at Harts — where McCoy likely received his mail — was Ross Fowler, son to the Bill Fowler who was eventually driven away from Harts by the Brumfields. Ross, though, was close with the Brumfields and even ferried the 1889 posse across the river to Green Shoal with Milt and Green as prisoners (according to Bob Dingess) in October of 1889. A little later, he worked in Al Brumfield’s store. The postmaster at Warren was Andrew D. Robinson, a former justice of the peace and brother-in-law to Ben Adams and Sallie Dingess. Robinson seems to have been a man of good credit who stayed neutral in the trouble.

Phyllis Kirk and John Hartford (with ‘coon)

05 Saturday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts, John Hartford, Music, Women's History

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Harts, John Hartford, life, Lincoln County, music, photos, Phyllis Kirk, raccoon, West Virginia

Phyllis Kirk with John Hartford (and her pet raccoon), Harts, Lincoln County, WV, c.1995

Phyllis Kirk (and her pet raccoon) with John Hartford, Harts, Lincoln County, WV, c.1995

Harts area businesses (1918-1919)

04 Friday Jul 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Atenville, Big Harts Creek, Chapmanville, Dingess, Ferrellsburg, Hamlin, Harts, Logan, Spottswood, Whirlwind

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Anthony Adams, apiarist, Arnold Perry, Atenville, C&O Railroad, C.M. Mullins, Callohill McCloud, Catherine Adkins, Chapmanville, Charles Adkins, Delta Adkins, Dingess, Ferrellsburg, flour mill, Frank Adams, genealogy, general store, George Mullins, ginseng, Grover Adams, Hamlin, Hansford Adkins & Son, Harriet Wysong, Harts, history, Hollena Ferguson, horse dealer, J.M. Workman, James Mullins, Jerry Lambert, John Thompson, Lincoln County, Lindsey Blair, livestock, Logan, Logan County, mail carrier, poultry, R.L. Polk, Reece Dalton, Sol Adams, Spottswood, timbering, Walt Stowers, watchmaker, Wesley Ferguson, West Virginia, Whirlwind, William M. Workman, William Wysong

The following entries were published in R.L. Polk’s West Virginia State Gazetteer and Business Directory (1918-1919):

ATENVILLE. Population 20. In Lincoln County, on the C&O and Guyan Valley Ry., 27 miles south of Hamlin, the county seat, and 22 north of Logan, the banking point. Baptist church. Telephone connection. Arnold Perry, postmaster.

Anthony Adams, general store

Catherine Adkins, general store

CHARLES ADKINS, GENERAL STORE

Delta Adkins, general store

Hollena Ferguson, general store

Jeremiah Lambert, general store

John Thompson, general store

William M. Workman, general store

William Wysong, general store

FERRELLSBURG. Population 200. On the Guyandotte branch of the C&O Ry, in Lincoln County, 30 miles south of Hamlin, the county seat, and 18 north of Logan, the nearest banking town. Telephone connection. Express, Adams. Tel, W U Mail daily.

H Adkins & Sons, general store

Mrs. Hollena Ferguson, general store

J.W. Stowers, general store

HARTS. (R.R. name is Hart.) Population 15. On the Guyandot Valley branch of the C&O RR, in Lincoln County, 30 miles south of Hamlin, the county seat, and 21 from Logan, the banking point. Express, Adams. Telephone connection.

Charles Adkins, general store

Wesley Ferguson, general store

SPOTTSWOOD. In Logan County, 15 miles northwest of Logan, the county seat and banking point, 10 from Chapmanville, the shipping point. Express, Adams. Mail R F D from Atenville.

Mrs. T. J. Wysong, general store

WHIRLWIND. Population 250. In Logan County, 16 miles northwest of Logan, the county seat and banking point, and 2 from Dingess, the shipping point. Express, Southern. Baptist church. Mail daily. James Mullins, postmaster.

D. Adams, apiarist

Frank Adams, mail carrier

Grover Adams, ginseng

Sol Adams, saw mill

Lindsey Blair, watchmaker

Reece Dalton, live stock

Callo. McCloud, poultry

C.M. Mullins, ginseng

George Mullins, horse dealer

JAMES MULLINS, General Store and Photographer

J.M. Workman, flour mill

NOTE: Some person cited above are duplicated in the original record.

John W. Runyon 1

30 Monday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Big Sandy Valley, Harts, Inez, Timber, Wyoming County

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Adam Runyon, Adam Runyon Sr., Alden Williamson Genealogy, Aquillia Runyon, Aubrey Lee Porter, Billy Adkins, Bob Spence, Brandon Kirk, Charleston, civil war, Clarence Hinkle, Crawley Creek, Cultural Center, Ellender Williamson, Enoch Baker, Garrett and Runyon, genealogy, Harts, Hattie Hinkle, Henderson Dingess, history, Inez, Izella Porter, James Bertrand Runyon, James Muncy, John W Runyon, John W. Porter, Kentucky, Land of the Guyandot, Lawrence County, Logan County, Logan County Banner, logging, Martin County, Mary Runyon, Milt Haley, Moses Parsley, Nat's Creek, Nellie Muncy, Nova Scotia, Peach Orchard, Pigeon Creek, Pike County, Pineville, Rockcastle Creek, Runyon Genealogy, Samuel W. Porter, Stephen Williamson, timbering, Wayne, Wayne County, Wealthy Runyon, West Virginia, Wolf Creek, writing, Wyoming County

In the late summer of 1996, Brandon and Billy turned their genealogical sights on John W. Runyon, that elusive character in the 1889 story who seemed to have stirred up a lot of trouble and then escaped unharmed into Kentucky. They arranged a biographical outline after locating two family history books titled Runyon Genealogy (1955) and Alden Williamson Genealogy (1962). Then, they chased down leads at the Cultural Center in Charleston, West Virginia; the Wyoming County Courthouse at Pineville, West Virginia; the Wayne County Courthouse in Wayne, West Virginia; the Martin County Courthouse at Inez, Kentucky; and at various small public libraries in eastern Kentucky. Runyon had left quite a trail.

John W. Runyon was born in February of 1856 to Adam and Wealthy (Muncy) Runyon, Jr. in Pike County, Kentucky. He was a twin to James Bertrand Runyon and the ninth child in his family. His mother was a daughter of James Muncy — making her a sister to Nellie Muncy and an aunt to Milt Haley. In other words, John Runyon and Milt Haley were first cousins.

According to Runyon Genealogy (1955), Adam and Wealthy Runyon left Pike County around 1858 and settled on the Emily Fork of Wolf Creek in present-day Martin County. In 1860, they sold out to, of all people, Milt Haley’s older half-brother, Moses Parsley, and moved to Pigeon Creek in Logan County. John’s grandfather, Adam Runyon, Sr., had first settled on Pigeon Creek around 1811. The family was primarily pro-Union during the Civil War.

At a young age, Runyon showed promise as a timber baron.

“The first lumber industry in Logan County of any importance was started on Crawley Creek by Garrett and Runyon during the year 1876,” Bob Spence wrote in Land of the Guyandot (1978). “Garrett and Runyon deserve credit for their efforts in opening the lumber business in Logan County. They were the first to hire labor in this field. It might be of interest to note here that they originally brought trained men from Catlettsburg… In a few years, Garrett and Runyon left Logan [County], and soon Enoch Baker from Nova Scotia came to Crawley Creek to take their place.”

John may have put his timber interests on hold due to new developments within his family. According to Runyon Genealogy, his mother died around 1878 and was buried at Peach Orchard on Nat’s Creek in Lawrence County, Kentucky. His father, meanwhile, went to live with a son in Minnesota. In that same time frame, on Christmas Day, 1878, Runyon married Mary M. Williamson, daughter of Stephen and Ellender (Blevins) Williamson, in Martin County, Kentucky. He and Mary were the parents of two children: Aquillia Runyon, born 1879; and Wealthy Runyon, born 1881. John settled on or near Nat’s Creek, where his father eventually returned to live with him and was later buried at his death around 1895.

During the late 1880s, of course, Runyon moved to Harts where he surely made the acquaintance of Enoch Baker, the timber baron from Nova Scotia. An 1883 deed for Henderson Dingess referenced “Baker’s lower dam,” while Baker was mentioned in the local newspaper in 1889. “Enoch Baker, who has been at work in the County Clerk’s office and post office for several weeks, is now on Hart’s creek,”  the Logan County Banner reported on September 12. Baker was still there in December, perhaps headquartered at a deluxe logging camp throughout the fall of 1889.

After the tragic events of ’89, Runyon made his way to Wayne County where he and his wife “Mary M. Runyons” were referenced in an 1892 deed. Wayne County, of course, was a border county between Lincoln County and the Tug Fork where Cain Adkins and others made their home. He was apparently trying to re-establish himself in Martin County, where his wife bought out three heirs to her late father’s farm on the Rockhouse Fork of Rockcastle Creek between 1892-1895.

In the late 1890s, John’s two daughters found husbands and began their families. On January 3, 1896, Wealthy Runyon married Clarence Hinkle at “John Runyonses” house in Martin County. She had one child named Hattie, born in 1899 in West Virginia. On March 29, 1896, Aquillia Runyon married Samuel W. Porter at Mary Runyon’s house in Martin County. They had three children: John W. Porter, born in 1897 in West Virginia; Aubrey Lee Porter, born in 1899 in Kentucky; and Izella Porter, who died young.

Al Brumfield home burns, 1895

22 Sunday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts

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Al Brumfield, genealogy, Harts, Harts Creek District, history, Huntington, Huntington Advertiser, Lincoln County, West Virginia

Huntington (WV) Advertiser, October 28, 1895

Huntington (WV) Advertiser, October 28, 1895

Pearl Adkins grave

19 Thursday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts, Pearl Adkins Diary, Women's History

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Harts, history, Lincoln County, Pearl Adkins, photos, U.S. South, West Virginia, writers

Pearl Adkins grave, Harts, Lincoln County, WV, 2011

Pearl Adkins grave, Harts, Lincoln County, WV, 2011

In Search of Ed Haley 319

12 Thursday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Ed Haley, Harts, Lincoln County Feud

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Al Brumfield, Ben Adams, Bernie Adams, Brandon Kirk, Cain Adkins, Caroline Brumfield, Cecil Brumfield, Dave Dingess, Ed Haley, fiddle, French Bryant, Harriet Brumfield, Harts Creek, Henderson Dingess, history, Hollene Brumfield, Hugh Dingess, John Hartford, John W Runyon, Lillian Ray, Logan, Milt Haley, Paris Brumfield, Sallie Dingess, Smokehouse Fork, Tom Martin, writing

A little later, Brandon visited Lillian Ray, a seventy-something-year-old daughter of Cecil Brumfield who lived in a beautiful two-story house on the Smokehouse Fork of Harts Creek. Lilly, he discovered, had a lot of the old Dingess family photographs. To Brandon’s surprise, there were several thick-paged Victorian velvet-covered albums full of tintypes and a few boxes of sepia images on decorative cardboard squares. Only a few were labeled, but he recognized some of the faces: Al Brumfield, Henderson and Sallie Dingess, Hugh Dingess, Mrs. Charley Brumfield, Mrs. John Brumfield, and Dave Dingess. No doubt, there were pictures in the album of Ben Adams and Hollena Brumfield in their youth.

Before leaving, Brandon asked Lilly about Ed Haley. She said she remembered him coming to her father’s house when he lived in the old Henderson Dingess homeplace. He would just show up, leading himself with a cane, and stay for two or three days. Lilly hated to see him come because he was so hateful to the Brumfield children — “always running his mouth.” She described him as a “little short man” who “drank a lot” and told how he and Bernie Adams once borrowed a fiddle from her father and then pawned it off in Logan. The fiddle originally belonged to Tom Martin.

Not long after visiting Lilly, Brandon sent me a letter updating me on his research along with pictures of people we’d only imagined. As they turned up, I wondered if I were to go into a room with Al, Paris, Milt, Green, French, Cain, Runyon — without knowing who any of them were — which ones would I take to strictly on a personality basis? Which ones would I have a gut reaction to think, “Well, he’s a pretty fair good old boy,” or, “Boy, I don’t know about that feller there. Something’s just not right.” I mean, you walk in the room and, “That’s Al Brumfield?” No way. “That’s Cain Adkins?” Nope, I can’t believe that.

Pat Adkins interview in Harts, WV

09 Monday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Culture of Honor, Harts, Lincoln County Feud

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Al Brumfield, Bill Brumfield, Bill Fowler, Billy Adkins, Black John Adkins, Brandon Kirk, crime, Fed Adkins, feud, Green McCoy, Harts, Harts Creek, Harvey "Long Harve" Dingess, history, Hollena "Tiny" Brumfield, Hollene Brumfield, John W Runyon, Lincoln County Feud, logging, Milt Haley, Paris Brumfield, Pat Adkins, writing

Later in the summer, Brandon visited his friend Pat Adkins, who lived in a little trailer just back of where the old Al Brumfield home once sat at the mouth of Harts Creek. Pat was raised in the magnificent Brumfield house and was its owner at the time of its burning. He was a first cousin to Billy Adkins.

Pat first spoke about Al and Hollena Brumfield, who he said charged people a ten-cents-per-log tax at their boom. The tax was a constant source of friction in the community. Even Al’s in-laws weren’t fond of the fee…and apparently weren’t spared from it, either.

“One time, Harvey Dingess had a big huge amount of logs out there and he said he wasn’t gonna pay no ten cents a log tax,” Pat said. “Harvey was Hollene’s brother. They all liked to drink so he come in there being jovial and friendly and brought Al and Hollene in a big special-made malt whiskey. They got a big drunken party going and finally around twelve o’clock they all got so drunk they went to bed. Harve had his men stationed over there on that hillside and when he waved a light from that porch upstairs them men come down there and cut that splash and let his logs through. The Brumfields got up the next morning — all their hangovers — and went out and looked and that splash had been cut and all of his logs had been run through and Harve was gone. He was on his way to Huntington to sell them.”

Brandon asked Pat if the log boom was the root of the 1889 troubles.

“Bill Brumfield’s wife, Aunt Tiny, told me about the famous posse ride to lynch Milt Haley and Green McCoy,” Pat said, cutting to the chase. “Runyon had a store up on Hart and that was among Hollene’s relatives up in there and she had the big timber operations down here — the splash dam, you know — and had a saloon. Runyon had a legal still where people brought their apples in and stuff to make brandy. Somebody else run one of them too up there — a Dingess. They was into it over the business. Runyon thought that if he could kill them, he could take control of the mouth of Hart. When Hollene came into business that was what she done. She killed out her enemy, or never killed him — burned him out. That was Bill Fowler. Bill Fowler was a businessman and he come into possession of the mouth of the creek. He had him a big saloon out there and she burned him out and burned his saloon and then she took it over. So, I guess Runyon got the same idea: ‘You took it. Now I’m going to get it from you.’ So he hired these guys to kill them and if he’d a killed them they’d a been out of the way and that woulda pretty well cinched him for it. He had plenty of money and he’d a rolled in here and coulda bought it. He’d been the top man then.”

According to Pat, locals quickly determined that Haley and McCoy were involved in the ambush of Al and Hollena Brumfield and formed a mob to capture them.

“They formed about sixty men,” he said. “I know Black John Adkins was in it. John was there a holding the horses. He wasn’t taking no part in it — just going along to show he was in support. I think everybody in the country around in this area and all of Hollena’s relatives were in it. Runyon, he left the country when he realized that they might be coming after him because they suspected him as hiring them.”

Pat said Mrs. Brumfield believed that her husband Bill was too young to have participated in the killings but would have “been in on it if he’d a been old enough.” Pat didn’t think his Grandpa Fed Adkins was in the mob either, but then said, “He might have been — probably was. You know, the killing took place there, I think, about where Lon Lambert’s house is, down under that riverbank. Black John said when Paris came out from under that bank he was just as bloody as he could be where he had stabbed on them men. Said, Paris Brumfield was bloody as a hog. Said, he just took a knife and cut them to pieces and I think they gave Paris the honor of killing them because it was a vengeance killing. They dared anybody to ever touch their bodies. I think they laid about nine days and got to smelling so bad they finally give them permission to bury them.”

In Pat’s view, those who participated in the killing of Milt and Green were not typically violent men. Haley’s and McCoy’s apparent guilt in ambushing Al Brumfield provided a justification for their bloody murders in the eyes of locals and ensured that the “peace-keeping” reputations of the vigilantes would endure as stories about the feud were handed down to later generations. For instance, despite the dangerous reputation of Paris Brumfield, Pat said, “Other than the killing of Haley and McCoy, he was really not a mean person. That was understandable that he helped kill Haley and McCoy if somebody was trying to kill your son. I never heard that he was a mean person. I don’t think he deliberately went around plotting up mean things to do. And I don’t think he was a cruel person.”

Just before Brandon left Pat, he asked him about growing up in Al Brumfield’s house. Pat said when he was young he often hid behind some large framed Brumfield family photographs stacked in an upstairs room. There was one in particular that he remembered: a picture of Al Brumfield — worn and blind, sitting in a chair on a porch.

John Adkins grave

02 Monday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in African American History, Ferrellsburg, Harts

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Appalachia, Ferrellsburg, genealogy, Harts, Harts Creek District, history, John Adkins, Lincoln County, photos, slavery, U.S. South, West Virginia

John Adkins grave, located in Harts, Lincoln County, WV. John was a former slave.

John Adkins grave, located in Harts, Lincoln County, WV. Born into slavery at present-day Ferrellsburg, he was a life-long resident of Harts Creek District.

Bessie Brumfield Adkins

02 Monday Jun 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Harts, Women's History

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Tags

Bessie Adkins, Caroline Brumfield, Charley Brumfield, genealogy, Harts, Herb Adkins, history, Lincoln County, photos, West Virginia

Bess

Bessie Adkins (1900-1959), daughter of Charles and Caroline (Dingess) Brumfield, wife of Herb Adkins, resident of Harts, Lincoln County, WV

 

In Search of Ed Haley 311

28 Wednesday May 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Ed Haley, Harts, Lincoln County Feud

≈ 1 Comment

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Al Brumfield, Ann Brumfield, Appalachia, Ben Adams, Bob Adkins, Brandon Kirk, Burl Adams, Cain Adkins, crime, Daisy Ross, Ed Haley, Green McCoy, Guyandotte River, Harts, Harts Creek, Henderson Dingess, history, Howard Dalton, Imogene Haley, Joe Adams, John Frock Adams, John Hartford, John W Runyon, Lawrence Haley, Lawrence Kirk, Lincoln County, Logan County, Major Adkins, Milt Haley, Paris Brumfield, Peter McCoy, Sallie Dingess, Trace Fork, West Virginia, writing

Two months later, Brandon was still digging, but in a different way. He was knee-deep in land records at the Lincoln and Logan County court houses. He was curious — based on the economic aspect of the 1889 feud — to know about property ownership for feudists, particularly those with land around the mouth of Harts Creek.

He started with the Brumfields.

In 1889, Paris Brumfield owned 771 acres of land worth $1020, while his wife owned 367 acres worth $483. Al Brumfield had 295 acres (195 acres on Brown’s Branch and 100 acres on the Guyan River) worth $642. By combining Al’s totals to that of his parents, the Brumfields owned a total of 1433 acres of land worth $2143. A little further up Harts Creek, Henderson and Sarah Dingess owned 546 acres (five tracts) worth $1234.50 with a building valued at 100 dollars.

How did these totals compare to the land holdings of their enemies?

Well, Cain Adkins owned 205 acres worth $420 (with no buildings listed for 1889), while John Runyon owned 100 acres worth $187.50. Ben Adams owned at least 340 acres in Lincoln and Logan Counties (2 tracts) worth $380. By combining Ben’s property with that of Adkins and Runyon they owned 645 acres worth $987.50 — not even half of the Brumfield family holdings.

Based on these records, we realized that it might have been the financial superiority of the Brumfields and Dingesses which caused Adams, Runyon, and/or Adkins to act out against them (through Milt and Green).

But there was also a reason for the Brumfields to feel a little threatened themselves: John Runyon, whose 100 acres of property was situated geographically closest to them near the mouth of Harts Creek, had accumulated his estate in only three years of residence in Harts. His first tract, totaling 75 acres, was worth $1.50 and was deeded by A.S. “Major” Adkins in 1887. The other tract, totaling 25 acres and worth three dollars per acre, was deeded in 1888. Neither tract contained a building, according to land records.

Al’s 100 acres near the mouth of Harts Creek, in contrast, reflected eight years of effort.

Brumfield was likely concerned that Runyon had acquired so much land at the mouth of Harts in such a short time, especially since it was property that he wanted for himself.

It was immediately clear in looking at the feud in mild economic terms that Milt Haley and Green McCoy were pawns in a larger game between local elites. While Paris Brumfield, Al Brumfield, Cain Adkins, John Runyon, and Ben Adams were leading citizens, property owners and businessmen, Milt and Green were timber laborers and musicians who owned no property whatsoever. Based on what we’d heard from Daisy Ross, it was easy to see why Green might have took a shot at Paris, but why did he attack Al? And what was Milt’s motivation for even getting involved in the whole mess? Was he pulled into the fray because of his friendship to Green, as Daisy Ross had said? Or did he have connections to Ben Adams (a possible economic dependence on the timber-boss, his residence nearby Adams on Trace, or the fact his wife was related to Ben)?

And what did either man hope to gain from the assassination of Al Brumfield? I mean, that’s a hell of a lot to risk for a side of bacon and a few dollars. I had this nagging suspicion that they were maybe innocent of the crime, but Brandon was pretty well convinced of their guilt (as had been Lawrence Haley). He did, however, leave an opening by pointing out how Bob Adkins, Howard Dalton, Joe Adams and Lawrence Kirk had all heard that they were innocent. Bob and Joe had actually mentioned other suspects: Burl Adams, a nephew to Ben Adams, and John “Frock” Adams, a half-brother to Ed’s mother (who later shot his wife’s head off with a shotgun in his front yard). There was also the testimony of Preacher McCoy, who said Milt and Green were “as innocent as Jesus Christ on the cross.”

Harts Creek Timber Man

23 Friday May 2014

Posted by Brandon Ray Kirk in Big Harts Creek, Harts, Timber

≈ 1 Comment

Tags

Appalachia, genealogy, Harts Creek, history, Lincoln County, logging, photos, timbering, U.S. South, West Virginia

Harts Creek Timber Man, 1890-1915

Harts Creek Timber Man, 1890-1915

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If you had lived in the Harts Creek community during the 1880s, to which faction of feudists might you have given your loyalty?

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Do you think Milt Haley and Green McCoy committed the ambush on Al and Hollene Brumfield in 1889?

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Who do you think organized the ambush of Al and Hollene Brumfield in 1889?

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